Mohsen Niazi; Elham Shafaiemoghaddam
Volume 2, Issue 1 , September 2012, , Pages 99-127
Abstract
Mass Communication Media are information highways which roles in culture and identity have recently interested social science scholars. In this regard, different conceptual frameworks have been of offered. Snowball communication is an idea that emphasizes the formation of identities through Mass media. ...
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Mass Communication Media are information highways which roles in culture and identity have recently interested social science scholars. In this regard, different conceptual frameworks have been of offered. Snowball communication is an idea that emphasizes the formation of identities through Mass media. On the contrary, some scholars emphasize information analysis. Still others emphasize a more balanced approach and point out the contradictory and dual role of mass media in both forming and eroding national identity. The purpose of the present article is to explore the level and content of TV programs, satellite channels, and internet sites on national identity of the citizens and their variables. The population of the study was the residents of Kashan, a traditional city that has recently begun movement toward modernity. The study is a survey work in which data have been collected through questionnaires and interviews. A 10-item Likert- scale questionnaire provided data on the main variable. The cronbach’s alpha reliability was 0.84. Results indicated significant positive correlation between TV use and tendencies toward national identity (Tb= 0.252). However, the relationship was negative for the use of satellite channels and the internet (TC= -0.271 and -0.199). Chi-square analysis also confirmed the data. Regression analysis (β= 0.268 and -0.276) also reflects the positive effects of TV and the negative effects of Satellites on national identity.
Abdolrahman Hasanifar; Elahe Abolhasani
Volume 1, Issue 2 , February 2012, , Pages 21-47
Abstract
Providing norms and patterns, media create theoretical and practical coordination, harmony, and similarity among individuals of the society. In other words, it should be noted that since, today, individuals of the society are widely in relation to the media, think through them, know the world by them, ...
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Providing norms and patterns, media create theoretical and practical coordination, harmony, and similarity among individuals of the society. In other words, it should be noted that since, today, individuals of the society are widely in relation to the media, think through them, know the world by them, and organize their conducts on the basis of patterns taken from media, apart from media role which has been already noted, TV enjoys a particular and main place in the Iranian society. And this has been taken as a basis to focus on it as a context in which the subject matter of the article has become operational; since, today, TV is powerfully present in all homes, and this is due to its attractiveness. One of the issues concerning the functional nature of TV concerns the field of critique. Critique may be presented in various forms in TV. One of the manifestations of crystallization of critique in TV is sessions of debate. In this regard, it should be noted that to attain a goal, knowledge of its nature is of overriding importance. Concerning debate in TV as well, understanding of critique at the first step and knowledge of TV capability and capacity in the field of its methods, including debate, is of paramount importance. In this article, based on accumulative and cognitive theoretical models on the basis of the framework, the role played by TV while explaining the concept of critique, issues concerning it, and methods of debate as an informing instrument have been discussed. Findings based on specialized and documentary study made through an inferential and analytic approach shows at first necessity of knowledge of critique. In other words, a "critique" may be considered as critique which relates to the foundations and results of an issue; otherwise, it is not a critique. On the other hand and in the next step, debate as a channel and origin to operationalize the critique should be directed to a certain and particular issue while taking into account characteristics and components of the theory of critique based in the role played by TV as an informing instrument in the public field and to preserve public interests.
